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to Technical Information Main Page |
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| Wire Rope
is a Machine |
A wire rope is a machine, by dictionary definition: "An assemblage
of parts...that transmit forces, motion, and energy one to another in some
predetermined manner and to some desired end."
A typical wire rope may contain hundreds of individual wires which are formed
and fabricated to operate at close bearing tolerances one to another. When
a wire rope bends, each of its many wires slides and adjusts in the bend
to accommodate the difference in length between the inside and the outside
bend. The sharper bend, the greater movement.
Every wire
rope has three basic components:
(1) The wires which form the strands and collectively provide the rope strength;
(2) The strands, which are helically around the core; and,
(3) The core, which forms a foundation for the strands.
The core of wire rope may be an Independent Wire Rope Core (Steel Core,
IWRC, SE, or CW), which in many cases is actually a rope in itself. This
core provides between 10% and 50% (in non-rotating constructions) of the
wire rope's strength.
The greatest difference in wire ropes are found in the number of strands,
the construction of strands, the size of the core, and the lay direction
of the strand versus the core.
The wires of wire rope are made of high-carbon steel. These carbon steel
wires come in various grades. The term "Grade" is used to designate
the strength of the wire rope. Rope wires are usually made of 1770 N/mm ,
1960 N/mm,
or 2160 N/mm
steel grades [Approximate equivalents are Improved Plow Steel (IPS), Extra
Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) or Extra Extra Improved Plow Steel (EEIPS)].
One cannot determine the Tensile Grade of a wire rope by its feel or appearance.
To properly evaluate a rope's tensile grade you must obtain the Grade from
your employer or Unirope Limited @ 1.800.457.9997. |
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Flexing the rope makes the strands
slide against each other. |
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RRL
Right Regular Lay |
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LRL
Left Regular Lay |
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RLL
Right Lang Lay |
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LLL
Left Lang Lay |
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